Who enforces the Fair Housing Act of 1968?

The Fair Housing Act of 1968 is primarily enforced by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). This federal agency is tasked with ensuring compliance with various housing laws, including those that prohibit discrimination based on race, color, national origin, sex, disability, and familial status. HUD investigates complaints filed by individuals who believe they have been victims of housing discrimination, provides education on fair housing rights, and can initiate legal action against violators. This central role makes HUD the primary enforcing body for the Fair Housing Act, equipped with the authority and resources necessary to uphold these important civil rights protections in housing.

Other options, such as state housing authorities, local city councils, and neighborhood associations, may play roles in housing policy or community planning, but they do not have the same comprehensive enforcement responsibilities as HUD regarding federal fair housing laws.