Which of the following is NOT a part of zoning ordinances?

Homeowner Association rules are not part of zoning ordinances, as zoning ordinances are established by local government entities to regulate land use and development in a community. They focus on aspects such as minimum lot size, which regulates the smallest area for a lot; building height and setback requirements, which dictate how tall structures can be and how far they must be set back from property lines; and density of population, which controls the number of residential units permitted in a given area.

Homeowner Associations (HOAs), on the other hand, are private entities created by a real estate development or subdivision that establish and enforce rules for that specific community. These rules typically govern aesthetics, maintenance, and covenants within the community, but they do not influence broader land use planning and regulations like zoning ordinances do. Therefore, they function independently of the zoning regulations set forth by municipal authorities.